Tillägg till ORNL:s analys av metallprov (AARO-redaktion)

Källtext (engelska)

Utdrag ur den maskinlästa löptexten (oftast engelska), oförändrat för jämförelse med sammanfattningen ovan.

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All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office 
 
Supplement to Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Analysis of a Metallic Specimen 
 
July 2024 
Overview 
In 2022, The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) contracted with Oak Ridge 
National Laboratory (ORNL) to conduct materials testing on a magnesium (Mg) alloy specimen. 
This specimen has been publicly alleged to be a component recovered from a crashed 
extraterrestrial vehicle in 1947, and purportedly exhibits extraordinary properties, such as 
functioning as a terahertz waveguide to generate antigravity capabilities. In April 2024, ORNL 
produced a summary of findings documenting the laboratory’s methodology to assess this 
specimen’s elemental and structural characteristics, available on AARO’s website. 
ORNL assessed this specimen to be terrestrial in origin and that it does not meet the theoretical 
requirements to function as a terahertz (THz) waveguide. AARO concurs with ORNL’s 
assessment and provides this supplementary material to add historical context to account for its 
likely origin. The specimen’s characteristics are consistent with Mg alloy research and 
development projects and experimental manufacturing methods in the mid-20
th
 century. 
ORNL Materials Testing 
AARO contracted with ORNL to conduct materials measurements to determine: 
• Whether this specimen is of terrestrial origin. 
• Whether this specimen could serve as a THz waveguide. 
ORNL measured the isotopic ratios of Mg and lead (Pb) in the specimen and compared the 
values against mass standards. A material’s isotopic composition can provide valuable 
information about its origin and history. The specimen’s Mg isotopic composition falls within 
the expected values for a terrestrial material that has undergone kinetic fractionation, suggesting 
likely terrestrial origin. Its Pb isotopic ratio is consistent with ratios found in terrestrial lead, 
further supporting this conclusion. ORNL found the isotopic composition of this material to be 
unremarkable. The specimen’s Mg and Pb ratios fall within the standard values for 
manufactured materials, indicating that it is not a unique or unusual material. 
Elemental and structural analysis can help determine whether a structure has the characteristics 
of a waveguide. A waveguide is a structure that bounds and directs the propagation of waves. 
Waveguides are instrumental to many technologies. ORNL measured the specimen’s top layer’s 
elemental composition and crystal structure and found bismuth (Bi) colocated with nearly equal 
parts Pb. High-resolution elemental mapping shows repeating layers of Bi and Pb banding 
throughout the specimen and zinc (Zn) concentration varying from 1-4 wt%. Structural analysis 
shows columnar Mg grains perpendicular to the Bi and Pb banding. 

 
 
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According to Podolskiy et al., Bi can theoretically function as a waveguide when it exists as a 
single crystalline layer between surfaces with sufficient dielectric () constants.
1
 As a single 
crystalline layer, Bi displays anisotropic  properties.
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 Anisotropic  properties cause 
electromagnetic waves to propagate non-uniformly across different axes. Podolskiy et al. assert 
that a monocrystalline layer of Bi has sufficient  anisotropy to guide THz frequency waves. 
This specimen’s intermixed composition of Pb indicates that Bi never existed as a pure layer, 
regardless of any processing effects that may have altered the crystalline structure. Therefore, 
this specimen’s elem